Generator

Dispatchable active and reactive power injection with a quadratic cost.

Model Parameters

Symbol

Units

Data

Description

Typical Value

Note

\(P^{\min}\)

[p.u.]

Pmin

Active power lower limit

0

Default unbounded

\(P^{\max}\)

[p.u.]

Pmax

Active power upper limit

1

Default unbounded

\(Q^{\min}\)

[p.u.]

Qmin

Reactive power lower limit

-0.5

Default unbounded

\(Q^{\max}\)

[p.u.]

Qmax

Reactive power upper limit

0.5

Default unbounded

\(c_0\)

[$/h]

c0

Constant cost coefficient

Default 0

\(c_1\)

[$/h/p.u.]

c1

Linear cost coefficient

1000

Default 0

\(c_2\)

[$/h/p.u.²]

c2

Quadratic cost coefficient

100

Default 0

\(u\)

[-]

in_service

Service status

Default true

Parameter Validation

  • \(P^{\min} \le P^{\max}\)

  • \(Q^{\min} \le Q^{\max}\)

Model Derived Parameters

None.

Model Ports

Name

Port

Description

bus

Bus

Port bus

Model Variables

Internal Variables

Symbol

Units

Description

Note

\(P\)

[p.u.]

Active power into the bus

\(Q\)

[p.u.]

Reactive power into the bus

External Variables

None.

Model Equations

Objective

\[\begin{aligned} f &\mathrel{+}= u (c_0 + c_1 P + c_2 P^2) \end{aligned}\]

Internal Constraints

Equality

Out of service:

\[\begin{split}\begin{aligned} 0 &= P \\ 0 &= Q \end{aligned}\end{split}\]

Inequality

In service:

\[\begin{split}\begin{aligned} P^{\min} &\le P \le P^{\max} \\ Q^{\min} &\le Q \le Q^{\max} \end{aligned}\end{split}\]

External Constraints

Power into the bus, added to its balance:

\[\begin{split}\begin{aligned} \Delta P^\mathrm{bus} &\mathrel{+}= P \\ \Delta Q^\mathrm{bus} &\mathrel{+}= Q \end{aligned}\end{split}\]

Initialization

\[\begin{split}\begin{aligned} P &\leftarrow 0 \\ Q &\leftarrow 0 \end{aligned}\end{split}\]